整合SSM
创建数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
<artifactId>ssmbuild2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--依赖： junit 数据库驱动 连接池 servlet jsp mybatis-spring spring -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<!-- junit-->
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.23</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 c3p0 :dbcp-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet jsp-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- 静态资源导出问题-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
连接数据库：
注意URL处要填写:jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/?serverTimezone=GMT
resultType是执行完sql的返回类型， 返回数据类型为基本类型时，会自动封装
resources
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用的是Mysql8.0+需要增加一个时区的配置 &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai 但是在连接数据库测试时就加了时区 所有我觉得这里可以不加 不会出错的
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置数据源，交给Spring去做-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<!--两个名字一样用class定位 不一样用resources定位-->
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1.关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!-- 2.连接池
dbcp:半自动化操作，不能自动连接
c3p0:自动化操作（自动化的加载配置文件，并且可以自动设置到对象中）
druid:
hikari:
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 10秒-->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.sqlSessionFactory 使用 ref 去引用上面-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 绑定mybatis的配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置dao接口扫描包，动态的实现了Dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中
sqlSessionFactoryBeanName 继承
sqlSessionTemplateBeanName 私有化-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!--要扫描的dao包-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--1.注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 2.静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3，扫描包：controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
<!-- 4.视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 1.扫描service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service"/>
<!-- 2.将我们的所有的业务类，注入到Spring,可以通过配置，或者注解实现
ref代表引用
-->
<bean id=" BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.声明式事务配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.aop事务支持-->
<!-- 结合aop实现事务织入-->
<!-- 配置事务通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!--给那些方法配置事务-->
<!-- 配置事务的传播特性:new propagation
REQUIRED 没有事务给它添加事务-->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!--配置事务切入-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.kuang.dao.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
出现的错误：Cannot find bean with qualifier ‘BookServiceImpl’
解决办法：
出现的问题：Field injection is not recommended 就是不推荐使用@Autowired注解 所以改成了下面这样的形式 但是使用这个注解也可以实现
BookController
package com.kuang.controller;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import com.kuang.service.BookService;
import com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
private final BookService bookService;
public BookController(@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl") BookService bookService) {
this.bookService = bookService;
}
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
//跳转到增加书籍的页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper(){
return "addBook";
}
//添加书籍请求
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books){
System.out.println("addBook=>" + books);
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook"; //重定向我们的 @RequestMapping("/allBook")请求
}
//跳转到修改页面
@RequestMapping("/toUpdate")
public String toUpdatePaper(int id, Model model){
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("QBook",books);
return "updateBook";
}
//修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books){
System.out.println("updateBook=>"+books);
//调业务层修改
int i = bookService.updateBook(books);
if(i>0){
System.out.println("添加books成功"+books);
}
//修改完应该要重定向到首页
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
//查询书籍
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
System.err.println("queryBook=>"+books);
List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
//只传回一本书
list.add(books);
if (books==null){
list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("error","未查到");
}
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allBook";
}
}
dao
BookMapper
package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId")int id);
//查询全部书籍
List<Books> queryAllBook();
Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}
BookMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
where bookID=#{bookID};
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books" parameterType="int">
select * from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookId}
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{bookName}
</select>
</mapper>
pojo
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
service
BookService
package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部书籍
List<Books> queryAllBook();
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);
}
BookServiceImpl
package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//业务层调dao层 service 调dao
//组合dao
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
//业务层调dao层 service 层处理事务
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
//不提交事务修改会失败
System.out.println("BookServiceImpl:updateBook=>"+books);
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}
}
test
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import com.kuang.service.BookService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void test(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
BookService bookServiceImpl = (BookService) context.getBean("BookServiceImpl");
for (Books books : bookServiceImpl.queryAllBook()) {
System.out.println(books);
}
}
}
WEB-INF
jsp
addBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<%-- BootStrap 美化界面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<%-- required必须写完整才可以提交--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍名称:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍数量:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍描述:</label>
<input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加" required>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
allBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<%-- BootStrap 美化界面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<%--栅格--%>
<div class="container">
<%-- 清除浮动--%>
<div class="row clearfix">
<%-- 把屏幕分成12份--%>
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表------显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
<%-- row 使它一行12列--%>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<%-- toAddBook--%>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增书籍</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示所有书籍</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-8 column">
<%-- a标签是不能通过查询的--%>
<%-- 查询书籍--%>
<form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
<span style="color: red; font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<%-- table-hover上下变色 table-striped 有格子--%>
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<%-- 书籍从数据库中查询出来，从这个list中遍历出来：foreach--%>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdate?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
|
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
updateBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改书籍</title>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<%-- required必须写完整才可以提交--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<%-- 出现的问题：我们提交了修改的SQL请求，但是修改失败，初次考虑，是事务问题，配置完毕事务 依旧失败 --%>
<%-- 看一下SQL语句，能否执行成功 SQL执行失败 修改未完成--%>
<%-- 前端传递隐藏域--%>
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBook.bookID}">
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍名称:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookName}" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍数量:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" value="${QBook.bookCounts}" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍描述:</label>
<input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" value="${QBook.detail}" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- DispatchServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 乱码过滤 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style>
a{
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3{
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍展示页面</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
版权声明：本文为doudoutj原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。